Business and Project Management , in a format of Questions-Answers Essay

Business and Project Management , in a format of Questions-Answers - Essay Example In this regard, Supportive PMO can be implemented in the Green Bull company. Moreover, Directive PMO main duty is to manage the personnel in a directive manner, establish the project in such a manner that the quality of the project can be maintained for long time. Encouraging the work force and direct them in a consistent manner is the part of directive. Maintaining high professional standard for sustainability in the future is another important aspect that can be implemented by the company. Controlling is another important characteristic of PMO. To control the projects, PMO have to adopt some methodology, rules for the betterment of current project, which makes the project more successful than previous. Through controlling PMO has lodged triumph for the future (Cavallaro, 2013). Therefore, Green Bull has been implementing PMO who have these three characteristics. Notably, these three characteristics generate a successful PMO. PMO is the ultimate person who can assure quality for overall products. As per the information, Green Bull has already completed five years in the market, and it has chain of known consumers who consume its products (Codling, 1995; Week 5, B_PM_Lecture_Slides_05_Part_2_2013). In the organization PMO is the only person who interacts with both higher authority as well as bottom level employees. In the matrix organizational structure PMO is positioned after the top-level management, and connects all departments of the organization. Therefore, Broad of Directors has been considered that recruiting PMO in the organization might create a risk for the overall process. Top-level managers have been considering different kind of risks due to this aspect. These are that PMO may increase the total head count and increase head counts misbalance in the work level. Decreased head counts are more suitable for quality production management. Part time PMO is more useful

Comment on how Romeo Essay Example for Free

Comment on how Romeo Essay Comment on how Romeo and Juliet use language to communicate their feelings about love until Act II, scene ii of the play. Romeo and Juliet is the tragic story of two lovers separated by their feuding families. The origins of Romeo and Juliet originate before Shakespeare and so the story has been made familiar to audiences and readers of previous generations. Many historians believe he got his inspiration from literature dating back to the sixteenth century such as the poem by Arthur Brooke called The Tragicall Historye Of Romeus and Iuliet, written in 1562. Shakespeare adapted this story in order for it to appeal to the Elizabethan audience. The male protagonist of the play is Romeo Montague. He is approximately seventeen or eighteen years old. Romeo is a stereotypical adolescent boy, who emotions are fickle and based on lust. He constantly spends time thinking about love and his desire to be in love. He is spurned by the lady he adores Rosaline. Romeo follows the conventions of courtly love with diligence. In contrast the female protagonist Juliet Capulet is of a younger age; barely into her teenage years. Juliet is the opposite to Romeo as she is not stereotypical. Juliet does not comprehend or desire marriage, which is unusual of a girl her age. However, it is surprising Juliet breaches the rules of courtly love by accepting the proposal of marriage as soon as Romeo enquired Juliet. Juliet also defies the convention by not marrying a man of her fathers choosing. Despite the Capulets and Montagues long standing hatred for each other, fate coincidently brings Romeo and Juliet together. The play ends with tragic consequences as a result from the families hatred. Romeo and Juliet both sacrifice themselves for the power of love. Shakespeare uses numerous dramatic devices and language techniques to explore and convey Romeo and Juliets emotions. Act I, scene i takes place after a riot between the Montagues and Capulets. Despite the uproar Romeo decides to take no participation in this argument as he is so infatuated by his desire for Rosaline. Benvolio says Good morrow, cousin. Romeo replies Is the day so young indicating that he is so wrapped up in his own emotions that he is surprised it is still morning. This is typical of courtly love. Benvolio informs Romeo that it has only just struck the hour of nine. Aye me! Sad hours seem long Romeo personifies time to portray the grief he endures. Not having that, which, having, makes them short Romeo indicates that time passes quickly with Rosaline but time drags on without her. Romeo also says; Out of favour, where I am in love, This shows that the feeling is not mutual therefore it can not be true love. Romeo also says; Alas, that love, whose view is muffled still, should, without eyes, see pathways to his will! Romeo implies love is cupid and although he is blindfolded he still makes people fall in love. He believes love is inevitable. Romeo enquires about the dispute but he quickly switches back to talking about love that he yearns for, when he says Yet tell me not, for I have heard it all. Romeo is talking about fighting in general and not he has heard about the fight that has just taken place. He completely does not care about it and he is disloyal to his family. Heres much to do with hate, but more with love. He believes no matter how much people talk about hate, love is far more interesting as Romeo implies. Romeos infatuation with lust is reflected in his over elaborate use of language. Well, in that you miss: shell not be hit With Cupids arrow; she hath Dians wit; nd, in string proof of chastity well armd, from loves weak childish bow she lives unharmd. she will not stay the siege of loving terms, Romeo here portrays lust that he wants from Rosaline. He describes virginity like a fortress which needs to be conquered . Romeo is also critical of her virginity. Romeo is continuously using paradoxes to describe love. Romeo demonstrates a young man who does not actually feel genuine love as he describes it as love and hate when he says O brawling love! O loving hate! O heavy lightness! Serious vanity! Mis-sharpen chaos of well-seeming forms! Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, Sick health! Conveying emotions of love which Romeo is experiencing, which is in such a mixed up way that it is not enjoyable but painful. Romeo says; Tis the way To call hers exquisite, in question more: Romeo has a fickle nature and he believes that looking at others would only make her more beautiful. Romeo implies that speaking of his lady would make him groan. Romeo emphasizes the pain he endures by referring love of love to be a sickness and of dying by saying; Bid a sick man in sadness make his wil Romeo ends with farewell: thou canst not teach me to forget. Romeo shows that he can not forget about his love and one can teach him to forget about his love. Juliet Capulet is a young girl living in the town of Verona. Juliet is probably around the age of fourteen or fifteen years of age. Ladies in Verona, by the ages of Juliet were often married and settled down with children. Juliet being the daughter of wealthy Capulet is no exception to this and is expected to marry. Juliet has hardly reached womanhood when she is expected to make a life changing decision Act I scene iii takes place in a room in the Capulets mansion. Lady Capulet breaks the news to Juliet about the idea of marriage. Lady Capulet says, Marry, that marry is the very theme I came to talk of. Juliet replies it is a n honour that I dream of not as she is very shocked by the idea as she still thinks she is too young. She is innocent and nai ve. Lady Capulet says to Juliet; Here in Verona, ladies of esteem, are made already mothers; by my count Lady Capulet is suggesting Juliet is being left behind as most ladies are married by now. Lady Capulet also uses persuasive adjectives like valiant to advertise Paris as being perfect and encourage her daughter to marry him. The nurse of Juliet also emphasizes Paris being perfect Hes a man of wax Juliet hardly shows much emotion about married. Juliet says; Ill look to like, if looking liking move: But no more deep will I endart mine eye Than your consent gives me strength to make it fly Juliet shows here she will happily make the acquaintance of Paris only to please her mother, but Juliet is promising nothing. Juliet is not really bothered about meeting Paris as she does not desire married and partnership. Juliet and Romeo meet each other in the Capulets mansion where a party was taking place. Towards the end of act II, scene ii Romeo and Juliet use extended images of falcony to demonstrate their reluctance to separate until the following morning. Juliet confides in Romeo by using a metaphor; O for a falconers voice, To lure thus tassel-gentle back again Juliet wishes to capture Romeo, like a bird, so that she can lure him back to her whenever she wants. Romeo extends the metaphor by referring to Juliet as My Niese. Romeo is implying Juliet as being a hawk, this is important as it reminds the audience of Juliets age and her innocence. Juliet is very protective and shows this by using a simile; I would have thee gone; And yet no farther than a wantons bird; That lets it hop a little from her hand, Like a prisoner in his twisted gives, And with a silken thread plucks it back again, So loving-jealous of his liberty Juliet desires to imprison Romeo like a bird. Juliet uses a oxymoron to highlight her contrasting feelings; half of her wants to set Romeo free as if he remains he will get into danger but Juliet is selfish and wants Romeo to stay for her own benefit. Romeo and Juliet uses extended images of sea voyages and adventure to communicate their love for each other. Romeo uses a metaphor to show Juliet how much he loves her and how important she is to him. As that vast shore washd with the farthest sea, I would adventure for such merchandise. Romeo relates to Juliet being merchandise, which he is prepared to travel the furthest sea to gain such a priceless treasure. Juliet uses an extended simile later on in the play to re-emphasize Romeos feelings. My bounty is as boundless as the sea, My love as deep, the more I give to thee. Juliets love is as endless like the sea. Both Juliet and Romeo worship each other and are prepared to do anything, just to get what they want. Juliet also has bounty, the willingness to give her love to Romeo. Romeo and Juliet use extended images of angels and heaven to express how heavenly their love and desire is for one another. Romeo expresses his feelings about Juliet in his soliloquy at the beginning of the scene; Her eyes in heaven Would through the airy region stream so bright That birds would sing and think it were not night. Romeo is saying that Juliet has the power over nature, she is as bright as the sun, her beauty is so extreme she can make the birds sing. Romeo extends the idea of cosmic image; O speak again, bright angel Romeo refers as Juliet being an angel as there is nothing more perfect as angels , more beautiful than any mortal could wish to be. Juliet impresses Romeo so much that he can not believe she is human. For thou art As glorious to this night, being oer my head, As is a winger messenger of heaven Romeo expresses Juliet to have angel-like qualities, she is immortal, a perfect goddess. Romeo uses sibilance and a simile to make Juliets voice sound like beautiful music to ones ears; Like softest music to attending ears! In the beginning Romeo is represented as a typical young man. His language is completed with drama and emotions. Juliet is opposite, her language is straightforward and shows her disinterest in marriage and love. Juliet experiences the most dramatic change in the play after meeting and falling in love with Romeo in act II, scene ii. Juliet displays a newly sexually awaken young woman. Her language is altered to display a likeness of Romeos language which is constantly uses hyperboles and imagery to portray her intense emotions. Romeo is less of a dramatic change as he still remains a passionate young man. His feelings are more genuine love rather than lust. Romeos feelings are intensified by reciprocate love. Romeo also uses imagery to show intense feelings and the endeavour to commit to Juliet. Throughout the play Shakespeare uses numerous language techniques to convey emotions and to show true passion between two teenagers. The play demonstrates to what extent people are prepared to do for the power of love. Tragic consequences at the end of the play lead to sad emotions which heightens the audience. Romeo and Juliet, a tragic story that teaches people the true meaning of love.

Metaphors Of The Mind :: essays research papers

<a href="http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites The brain (and, by implication, the Mind) has been compared to the latest technological innovation in every generation. The computer metaphor is now in vogue. Computer hardware metaphors were replaced by software metaphors and, lately, by (neuronal) network metaphors. Such attempts to understand by comparison are common in every field of human knowledge. Architects and mathematicians have lately come up with the structural concept of "tensegrity" to explain the phenomenon of life. The tendency of humans to see patterns and structures everywhere (even where there are none) is well documented and probably has its survival value added. Another trend is to discount these metaphors as erroneous, irrelevant, or deceptively misleading. Yet, these metaphors are generated by the same Mind that is to be described by them. The entities or processes to which the brain is compared are also "brain-children", the results of "brain-storming", conceived by "minds". What is a computer, a software application, a communications network if not a (material) representation of cerebral events? In other words, a necessary and sufficient connection must exist between ANYTHING created by humans and the minds of humans. Even a gas pump must have a "mind-correlate". It is also conceivable that representations of the "non-human" parts of the Universe exist in our minds, whether a-priori (not deriving from experience) or a-posteriori (dependent upon experience). This "correlation", "emulation", "simulation", "representation" (in short : close connection) between the "excretions", "output", "spin-offs", "products" of the human mind and the human mind itself - is a key to understanding it. This claim is an instance of a much broader category of claims: that we can learn about the artist by his art, about a creator by his creation, and generally: about the origin by any of its derivatives, inheritors, successors, products and similes. This general contention is especially strong when the origin and the product share the same nature. If the origin is human (father) and the product is human (child) - there is an enormous amount of data to be safely and certainly derived from the product and these data will surely apply to the origin. The closer the origin and the product - the more we can learn about the origin. The computer is a "thinking machine" (however limited, simulated, recursive and mechanical). Similarly, the brain is a "thinking machine" (admittedly much more agile, versatile, non-linear, maybe even qualitatively different).

Meniscal Injuries :: essays research papers

The meniscus is one of the most commonly injured structures in the knee. Meniscal injuries can occur in any age group, but causes are somewhat different for each age group. In younger people, the meniscus is fairly tough and rubbery, and tears usually occur as a result of a fairly forceful twisting injury. In the younger age group, meniscal tears are more likely to be caused by athletic activity (Sutton, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In older people, the meniscus grows weaker with age. The tissue that makes up the meniscus becomes degenerative and much easier to tear. Meniscal injuries in older people occur as a result of a fairly minor injury, even from the up and down motion of squatting. Degenerative tears of the meniscus are commonly seen as a part of the overall condition of osteoarthritis of the knee in the older population. In many cases, there is no one associated injury to the knee that leads to meniscal tears (Sutton, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In order to understand how the menisci can be injured, you must understand the basic anatomy of the menisci and why they are important. The menisci are two oval (semilunar) fibrocartilages that deepen the articular facets of the tibia and cushion any stresses placed on the knee joint. They enhance the total stability of the knee, assist in the control of normal knee motion, and provide shock absorption against compression forces between the tibia and the femur (Booher, 2000). Articular cartilage covers the ends of the bones that make up the joint. The articular cartilage surface is a tough, very slick material that allows the surfaces to slide against one another without damage to either surface. This ability of the meniscus to spread out the force on the joint surfaces as we walk is important because it protects the articular cartilage from excessive forces occurring in any one area on the joint surface, leading to degeneration over time (Sutton, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Blood is supplied to each meniscus by the medial genicular artery. Each meniscus can be divided into three circumferential zones: the red-red zone is the outer or peripheral one third and has a good vascular supply; the red-white zone is the middle one third and has a minimal blood supply; and the white-white zone on the inner one third is avascular (Arnheim,1997).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The medial meniscus is larger and more oval or C-shaped in the outline than the lateral meniscus. The medial cartilage is also more firmly fixed to the tibia and the capsule than the lateral meniscus; as a result, it is much more frequently injured than the lateral cartilage.

The Consequences Of Indias Regulated Economic Development Economics Essay

The Indian economic system provides a uncovering contrast between how persons react under a government-controlled environment and how they respond to a market-based environment. Evidence suggests that recent market reforms that encouraged single endeavor have led to higher economic growing in that state. India can bring forth extra economic growing by furthering entrepreneurial activity within its boundary lines. To prosecute farther the entrepreneurial attack to economic growing, India must now supply chances for ( 3 ) Networking among possible enterprisers and their experient opposite numbers. Further, although the Indian authorities should set up policies supportive of entrepreneurial attempts, its function overall should be minimized so that the influence of the free market and single opportunism can be to the full realized. Economic development, achieved mostly through productiveness growing, is really of import to both developed and developing states. However, even though we know that higher productiveness leads to better economic results ( for illustration, higher income, more picks to the consumers, better quality merchandises, etc. ) , there has been no consensus among research workers about either the coveted way of development or the function of province in economic development. The function of the province in economic development began to alter dramatically with the coming of the Industrial Revolution. In the West, the ensuing industrialisation and economic development were based on the constitution of single belongings rights that encouraged the growing of private capital. Competition and single endeavor thrive in this environment because persons pursue their opportunism of endurance and wealth accretion. The inherent aptitude to last under competitory force per unit areas outputs invention and productiveness additions, which finally lead to both increased net incomes for concern and lower monetary values to consumers. However, the rise and spread of capitalist economy led a figure of minds to analyze the effects of the market-based attack to development. Socialists argued that capitalist economy ( or private ownership of capital ) can take to greater inequalities of income and wealth, while developmental economic experts argued that private determinations may non ever lead to socially desirable results ( peculiarly in the instance of market imperfectnesss ) . Indeed, many policymakers at the clip saw market failures as quite common and hence assumed that merely appropriate authorities intercessions could steer an economic system to a way of sustained economic development. In the early twentieth century, the former Soviet Union attempted a bold experiment of bettering single wellbeing without giving the aim of greater equality of income and wealth through entire ownership of capital by the authorities. Initially, the Soviet Government was able to raise productiveness through directed industrialisation and, within a span of 25 old ages ( by the terminal of World War II ) , emerged as a world power. It was around this clip that a significant figure of colonised states were deriving their independency ( for illustration, India, Pakistan and Burma ) . Unfortunately, during their clip as settlements to the Western states, these states, for the most portion, had been deprived of the industrialisation that had engulfed those same Western states. Based on the successful experience of the former Soviet Union, many economic experts and policymakers concluded that, peculiarly in a hapless state, planning was indispensable for the efficient allotment of an economi c system ‘s resources. The authoritiess in these freshly independent states assumed a important function in economic development. They sought to rapidly and well raise the criterion of life through directed and controlled economic development. Apart from everything else, these developing states invested to a great extent in instruction to advance literacy and to guarantee an equal supply of proficient work force to run into their turning demands. Further, these antecedently colonized states did non desire to subject their hapless and weak economic systems to international economic fluctuations and therefore sought to industrialise through import replacing industrialisation, where imports were expected to be progressively replaced by domestic production. In this paper we examine economic development in India, a former British settlement that became one of the most closed economic systems in the universe, to contrast the functions of authorities intercession and single endeavor in that state ‘s economic growing. In peculiar, we demonstrate that, given recent economic reforms in India, along with the grounds for the function that single endeavor can play in a state ‘s economic growing, the Indian authorities should invent policies that rely more on single endeavor, with its accent upon single enterprise and opportunism, to spur economic development. Further, we describe the particular function that can be played in the economic development of India by a greater accent upon entrepreneurship. The program of the paper is as follows. Section I summarizes the scheme of economic development and the overall economic environment that has prevailed in India since its independency from the United Kingdom. Section II analyses the effects of regulated economic development in India, with peculiar accent on the deductions of the microeconomic facets of India ‘s attack to its economic environment. Section III assesses the consequences of India ‘s economic reforms since the state ‘s economic crisis of 1990, and highlights the function that single endeavor has played and can go on to play in that state ‘s economic lucks. Section IV describes the particular function that entrepreneurship can play in India ‘s attempts at economic growing. Finally, subdivision V summarizes the chief findings and concludes the paper.I. INDIA ‘S STRATEGY OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTIndia ‘s economic development scheme instantly after Independence was based chiefly on the Mahalanobis theoretical account, which gave penchant to the investing goods industries sector, with secondary importance accorded to the services and family goods sector ( Nayar, 2001 ) . For illustration, the Mahalanobis theoretical account placed strong accent on excavation and fabrication ( for the production of capital goods ) and infrastructural development ( including electricity coevals and transit ) . The theoretical account downplayed the function of the mill goods sector because it was more capital intensive and hence would non turn to the job of high unemployment in India. Any addition in planned investings in India required a higher degree of nest eggs than existed in the state. Because of the low mean incomes in India, the needed higher degrees of nest eggs had to be generated chiefly by limitations on the growing of ingestion outgos. Therefore, the Indian authorities implemented a progressive revenue enhancement system non merely to bring forth the higher degrees of sa vings2 but besides to curtail additions in income and wealth inequalities. Among other things, this scheme involved canalisation of resources into their most productive utilizations. Investings were carried out both by the authorities and the private sector, with the authorities puting in strategic sectors ( such as national defense mechanism ) and besides those sectors in which private capital would non be forthcoming because of slowdowns or the size of investing required ( such as substructure ) . The private sector was required to lend to India ‘s economic growing in ways envisaged by the authorities contrivers. Not merely did the authorities determine where concerns could put in footings of location, but it besides identified what concerns could bring forth, what they could sell, and what monetary values they could bear down. Therefore the scheme of economic development in India meant ( 1 ) Direct engagement of the authorities in economic activities such as production and Selling. ( 2 ) Regulation of private sector economic activities through a complex system of controls. In add-on, the Indian economic system was sheltered from foreign competition through usage of both the â€Å" infant industry statement † and a adhering foreign exchange restraint. Imports were limited to goods considered indispensable either to the development of the economic system ( such as natural stuffs and machines ) or to the care of minimum life criterions ( such as rough oil and nutrient points ) . It was further decided that exports should play a limited function in economic development, thereby minimising the demand to vie in the planetary market topographic point. As a consequence, India became a comparatively closed economic system, allowing merely limited economic minutess with other states. Domestic manufacturers were sheltered from foreign competition non merely from abroad but besides from within India itself. Over clip, India created a big figure of authorities establishments to run into the aim of growing with equity. The size of the authorities grew well as it played an progressively larger function in the economic system in such countries as investing, production, retailing, and ordinance of the private sector. For illustration, in the late fiftiess and 1960s, the authorities established public sector endeavors in such countries as production and distribution of electricity, crude oil merchandises, steel, coal, and technology goods. In the late sixtiess, it nationalized the banking and insurance sectors. To relieve the deficits of nutrient and other agricultural end products, it provided modern agricultural inputs ( for illustration farm machinery, irrigation, high giving assortments of seeds, chemical fertilisers ) to husbandmans at extremely subsidised monetary values ( World Economic Indicators, 2001 ) . In 1970, to increase foreign exchange net incomes, it designated exports as a p recedence sector for active authorities aid and established, among other things, a responsibility drawback system, programmes of aid for market development, and 100 per cent export-oriented entities to assist manufacturers export ( Government of India, 1984 ) . Finally, from the late seventiess through the mid-1980s, India liberalized imports such that those non capable to licensing as a proportion to entire imports grew from five per cent in 1980-1981 to about 30 per cent in 1987-1988. However, this partial remotion of quantitative limitations was accompanied by a steep rise in duty rates. This active and dominant engagement by the authorities in economic activities resulted in the creative activity of a protected, highly-regulated, public sector-dominated economic environment. Along with this authorities domination of the economic system, India shortly faced non merely some major jobs in its overall attack to development, peculiarly in the country of industrialisation, but besides a dramatic addition in corruptness in its economic system. Finally, like any other turning economic system, the Indian economic system faced a figure of serious sectoral instabilities, with deficits in some sectors and excesss in others. These effects of India ‘s government-controlled economic system are discussed in deepness in the following subdivision.II. THE CONSEQUENCES OF INDIA ‘S REGULATED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTIndia ‘s environment of regulated economic development led to the preparation of policies that were concerned with both macroeconomic and microeconomic facets. Whereas much attending in the literature has been devoted to the macroeconomic issues, we focus chiefly on the microeconomic facets of Indian economic policies. In peculiar, we examine how persons guided by their opportunisms of endurance and wealth accretion will move in a regulated environment, which in fact discourages the chase of those opportunisms. To make so, we describe the effects of In dia ‘s usage of monetary value ceilings, in which monetary values are set below their equilibrium degree to do merchandises and services low-cost to comparatively hapless subdivisions of the society.III. ECONOMIC Reform: THE MIXED RESULTS FOR INDIADue to authorities intercession, peculiarly the high degrees of authorities subsidies, it was clear by 1990 that India was populating beyond its agencies. The consequence was a terrible payments crisis in which, for the first clip, the authorities physically transported gilded overseas to forestall defaulting on foreign committednesss. To run into its immediate balance of payments crisis, India besides entered into a structural loan accommodation understanding with the International Monetary Fund ( IMF ) . However, one status of this loan required India to set about economic reforms to travel from a centrally-planned development scheme to one based on market-based resource allotments. As a consequence, the authorities of India undert ook a bundle of economic reforms between 1991 and 1993, with the purpose of puting the market in topographic point of authorities controls as the premier mover in the economic development procedure. As one might anticipate, macroeconomic policy played a major function in India ‘s economic advancement in the 1990s. For illustration, Acharya ( 2001 ) concludes that India ‘s devaluation of the rupee and its determination to increase the degree of allowable foreign investing helped it to do considerable economic advancement. Joshi ( 2001 ) and Karunaratne ( 2001 ) both say that India ‘s policy of selective capital history liberalisation helped it to accomplish of import economic aims ( and still avoided the crises faced by the East Asiatic states ) . Gupta ( 1999 ) highlights the of import function played by India ‘s prudent direction of exchange rate policy and its tight pecuniary policy. Bhalla ( 2000 ) notes both the denationalization of the populace sector en deavors and the gradual dismantlement of the authorities be aftering procedure in favor of market forces. Overall, there can be no uncertainty that the reforms implemented since 1991 have led to considerable economic advancement in India. For illustration, from 1992-1993 through 2000-2001, economic growing averaged an unprecedented 6.3 per cent per twelvemonth. Further, as indicates, the rate of rising prices and the financial shortage have both decreased well. He besides says that India ‘s improved exchange rate direction has restored the assurance of foreign investors, which in bend has led to improved funding of the current history shortage and higher degrees of foreign exchange militias. However, even though India has made significant economic advancement in recent old ages, it still has several countries in demand of major market-based reforms. Below, we identify three illustrations from India ‘s economic system that reveal a limitation of the chase of single opportunism and a recreation of resources off from their most efficient usage. The first illustration concerns the obstruction still presented by the Indian revenue enhancement system, the 2nd high spots the inefficiencies of the Indian civil service, and the 3rd describes the demand for farther land reform in India. 1. In malice of recent revenue enhancement reforms in India, the present revenue enhancement system still works against the single opportunism to last and roll up wealth and, as a consequence, still leads to the concealment of income, wealth and outgos. Indeed, whereas in the United States and the Republic of Korea, the highest revenue enhancement rate applies to an income degree of $ 250,000 and $ 66,000, severally, in India that same revenue enhancement rate applies to an income of merely $ 3,400. Simply reforming its revenue enhancement system to convey it in line with comparable states should give several significant benefits to the Indian economic system. 2. The Indian civil service provides attractive calling picks for immature occupation searchers due chiefly to the first-class occupation security, non-monetary compensation, and chances for influence available in those callings. For illustration, despite minimum wages for persons keeping top-tier places in such countries as disposal, constabulary, gross and railroads, these civil retainers are entitled to high occupation security and to a great extent subsidised lodging, conveyance, medical services, telephone privileges, and at times domestic aid. We believe that the policies underlying compensation to authorities employees should be reformed such that they are based chiefly on market rules. The advantages of making so include extinguishing sections known for corrupt patterns, doing expressed the true cost of a authorities employee ‘s public presentation, and giving authorities employees a good sense of their market worth. 3. Finally, considerable reform is needed in the Indian existent estate sector. A big proportion of the land is owned by the authorities, and any land made available for private usage is governed by antediluvian ownership, districting, occupancy, and rent Torahs. Further, this authorities control of land has reduced the sum of land available for trading intents. The consequence is that Indian land monetary values are the highest among all Asiatic states relative to mean income ( Lewis, 2001 ) .IV. THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN INDIA ‘S FUTURE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTThe advancement of Indian economic development from 1947 to the present provides farther grounds that persons do react to inducements in their chase of self-survival and accretion of wealth. Further, the nature of this response depends on the economic clime, peculiarly the function of the authorities. India ‘s economic system struggled every bit long as it was based in a system of authorities ordinance with smal l interaction with economic forces outside the state. The economic reforms of the early 1990s set the phase for significant betterments in the Indian economic system. As was stated before, India ‘s economic system grew at an norm of 6.3 per cent from 1992-1993 to 2000-2001. Further, its rate of rising prices and financial shortage both decreased well. Improved exchange rate direction led to improved funding of the current history shortage and higher foreign exchange militias. Finally, India ‘s GDP and per capita income both increased well from 1990-1991 to 1998-1999. India can make more, nevertheless, to further progress its economic development. Indeed, one of the more recent microeconomic attacks to economic growing is the publicity of entrepreneurial activities. Entrepreneurial attempts have been found to bring forth a broad scope of economic benefits, including new concerns, new occupations, advanced merchandises and services, and increased wealth for future community investing. The undermentioned narrative explains in considerable depth how entrepreneurial activities have succeeded in several states and how it can now be used to further India ‘s economic development.DecisionThe Indian economic system provides a uncovering contrast between how persons react under a government-controlled environment and how they respond to a market-based environment. The grounds presented here suggests that recent market reforms promoting single endeavor have led to higher economic growing in that state. The logical thinking here is non new, although it is reviewing to detect that this â€Å" tried-and-true † concluding applies to developing every bit good as to developed states. Specifically, trust upon a free market, with its accent upon single opportunism in endurance and wealth accretion, can give a broad scope of economic benefits. In India those benefits have included, among other things, increased economic growing, reduced rising prices, a smaller financial shortage, and higher influxs of the foreign capital needed for investing. We further conclude that India can bring forth extra economic growing by furthering entrepreneurial activities within its boundary lines, peculiarly within its burgeoning in-between category. Not merely has entrepreneurship been found to give important economic benefits in a broad assortment of states, but India specifically has reached a point in its development where it can accomplish similar consequences through entrepreneurial attempts. Among other things, India is poised to bring forth new concern start-ups in the high engineering country that can assist it go a major rival in the universe economic system. For illustration, it has a strong instruction base suited to entrepreneurial activities, increased influxs of foreign capital aimed at its turning information engineering services sector, and a host of successful new concern start-ups. To prosecute farther the entrepreneurial attack to economic growing, India must now supply chances for ( 1 ) Education directed specifically at developing entrepreneurial accomplishments. ( 2 ) Financing of entrepreneurial attempts ( 3 ) Networking among possible enterprisers and their experient opposite numbers. Obviously, the authorities can play a significant function in assisting to supply these types of chances. It can besides supply the appropriate revenue enhancement and regulative policies and assist the citizens of India to understand the nexus between entrepreneurial attempts and economic prosperity. However, its function overall must be minimized so that the influence of the free market and single opportunism can be to the full realized. Lone clip will state if increased entrepreneurial activities in India will really give the economic benefits found in so many other states of the universe. Should India make up one's mind to prosecute that avenue of economic development, so future research demands to analyze the consequences of India ‘s entrepreneurial programme. Possibly more of import, that research besides needs to find how India ‘s success in entrepreneurial attempts might differ from those pursued in developed states.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy essay

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy essay Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy essay Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy essayThe statement â€Å"A person’s thoughts greatly influence the way that person feels and the way that person behaves† is true because the way of thinking determines the behavior of people and their feeling (Patten 334). For example, an optimist will feel good because he/she thinks positively and so he/she will behave. On the contrary, a pessimist with the negative mode of thinking, will feel bad and tend to negative behavior patterns.A person’s feelings greatly influence the way that person thinks and the way that person behaves. This statement may be true for people, who rely on their intuition and feelings (Tursi Cochran 392). They are highly emotional to the extent that emotions determine their behavior and feelings.A person’s behavior greatly influences the way that person feels and the way that person thinks. This statement may be true, if a person have difficulties with forecasting consequences of his/her actions and acts first before thinking carefully.Mrs. Tell’s inner resources include her concerns of her motherhood since she manifests care in regard to her baby. External resources include the support from the part of her parents, who are actually the only source of financial support for her and her family.The Tell family faces financial difficulties. Disputes within the family are another issue. The family also suffers from health problems of Mrs. Tell and drug abuse problems which her husband used to experience.As the helper I would provide counseling services for the Tell family to prevent disputes and help them to develop positive interpersonal relations. I would pay a particular attention to Mrs. Tell and her mental health issues.Mrs. Tell’s mother needs the assistance, who suffers from disability. Mrs. Tell’s children also need support, care and attention. Mr. Tell may also need support to cope with his drug abuse problems.

Definition and Examples of Linguistic Insecurity

Definition and Examples of Linguistic Insecurity Linguistic insecurity is the anxiety or lack of confidence experienced by speakers and writers who believe that their use of language does not conform to the principles and practices of standard English. The term linguistic insecurity was introduced by American linguist William Labov in the 1960s.   Observations While there seems to be no lack of confidence in exporting native models of English as a foreign language, it is at the same time almost paradoxical to find among all the major anglophone nations such enormous linguistic insecurity about standards of English usage. The complaint tradition stretching back to medieval times is intense on both sides of the Atlantic (see Romaine 1991 on its manifestations in Australia). Ferguson and Heath (1981), for instance, comment on prescriptivism in the US that quite possibly no other nation buys so many style manuals and how-to-improve-your-language books in proportion to the population.(Suzanne Romaine, Introduction, The Cambridge History of the English Language, Vol. IV. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1999) Sources of Linguistic Insecurity [Linguist and cultural historian Dennis Baron] suggests that this linguistic insecurity has two sources: the notion of more or less prestigious dialects, on the one hand, and the exaggerated idea of correctness in language, on the other. . . . It might be additionally suggested that this American linguistic insecurity comes, historically, from a third source: a feeling of cultural inferiority (or insecurity), of which a special case is the belief that somehow American English is less good or proper than British English. Indeed, one can hear frequent comments made by Americans that indicate that they regard British English as a superior form of English.(Zoltn Kà ¶vecses, American English: An Introduction. Broadview, 2000) Linguistic Insecurity and Social Class A great deal of evidence shows that lower-middle-class speakers have the greatest tendency towards linguistic insecurity, and therefore tend to adopt, even in middle age, the prestige forms used by the youngest members of the highest-ranking class. This linguistic insecurity is shown by the very wide range of stylistic variation used by lower-middle-class speakers; by their great fluctuation within a given stylistic context; by their conscious striving for correctness; and by their strongly negative attitudes towards their native speech pattern.(William Labov, Sociolinguistic Patterns. Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 1972) Also Known As: schizoglossia, language complex

How to Build Social Community Measure The Impact With Shonali Burke

How to Build Social Community Measure The Impact With Shonali Burke Marketers spend a lot of time, energy, and money building their social networks to connect with, engage, and share information with followers. How much should you invest in a platform and measure what you’re getting out of it? Today, my guest is Shonali Burke, founder and leading instructor of Social PR Virtuosa and president and CEO of Shonali Burke Consulting. She encourages marketers to think about their social networks as a social community and shares how to connect with your social community to add value and meaning to your network, product, or service. Plan, Paine, and MySpace: Community being generated through social space Is traditional public relations (PR) dead? Perception and transformation of PR Putting people back into public relations; getting to the heart of who somebody is and what’s important to them Trend of natural marriage between social media and PR; companies taking initiative and making changes to company culture Purpose and Mission: How to use and leverage social media to grow authentic communities and make people’s lives better, easier, and more fun Two places to find stories: Customers and Company First step to building and activating audience; what you’re asking them to do, why How to measure ROI; depends on goals and data Most common mistake made by PR professionals and strategists Links: Shonali Burke Consulting Inc. Social PR Virtuoso Social Media Day at Minnesota State University Moorhead Katie Delahaye Paine Putting the Public Back in Public Relations by Deirdre Breakenridge and Brian Solis Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) Jon Ferrara (founder of Nimble) Andy Crestodina Social Media Metrics by Jim Sterne Write a review on iTunes and send a screenshot of it to receive a cool swag bag! If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Shonali Burke: â€Å"The perception of public relations, unfortunately, has not changed, which is that it is primarily media relations, it is publicity, it is spin, and it’s flack, and that pisses me off!† â€Å"I think the clients who work with me drink that Kool-Aid. It’s going to be measurable.† â€Å"Companies are seeing it as a trend. I don’t think it’s really going to change, unless a company culture changes, and that is truly where change needs to begin.† â€Å"Ultimately, every product or service that succeeds makes people’s lives better.†

How students use social media Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How students use social media - Assignment Example According to the research carried out by Lenhart et al. (2010), people between 18 and 29 years of age account for 57 per cent of the total population of users of the social networks and maintain personal profiles on a range of social media websites. Pempek, Yermolayeva, and Calvert (2009) noted that although the amount of time spent by the users on social networking websites varied considerably, yet a vast majority of the users spend up to half an hour a day socializing on the social networking sites mostly from 9 p.m. to 12 a.m whereas students spend 47 minutes a day on the Facebook on average. More than half of the total population of students in colleges visits social networking sites numerously in a day (Sheldon, 2008). Types of social media commonly used by the students include but are not limited to blogs, chats on Twitter and Facebook, social networks, wikis, podcasts, videos, photo sharing on sites like Flickr, and gamification. A blog is a webpage or website that can easily be updated. Authors of blogs write regular entries in the format of a diary. The most interesting and effective blogs provide the students with an opportunity to engage in conversations with the bloggers as well as other readers who have commented on the blogs. Microblogging, as the name implies, is the process of writing very brief blog posts, that are sort of text messages. Presently, the most popular service of microblogging is provided by Twitter that provides the students with the opportunity to post the entries as long as 140 characters. Using Twitter, students can not only read their messages online but also can send their posts as text messages to one another’s mobiles. Social networking websites like Faceboo k serve as platforms using which the students can connect with one another and engage in different kinds of activities both academic and otherwise. Facebook and MySpace

Chinese Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Chinese Film - Essay Example ng the transition from the 1950s to 1960s.This essay will focus on the movie, Forever Fever (That is The Way I like it,) and the main character, Hock. The discourse will examine in detail how the identity of Hock is transformed in many ways by being a fan of Bruce Lee and John Travolta. The film, Forever Fever, was produced in 1998. It features Hock (Adrian Pang), a fan of Bruce Lee, working in a local supermarket. The initial scenes of the film show Hock’s friends trying to entice him to accompany them to the cinema show that features Bruce Lee. Hock is a big fan of Bruce Lee’s actions following the many films he has acted in. Bruce was regarded as the best martial artist and a pop culture figure in the 20th century. Besides, he was a role model for many actors. Through his actions, many actors have adopted his style of acting and acquired his characters. Based on these facts no one can deny the role and the influence Bruce Lee has had on the film industry. Hock is surprised when he finds that the movie shown is not the one he expected. Initially, he gets bored with the movie but is later inspired by the dancing styles he sees from John. At the same time, an advert is made about a dancing competition where the winner was to win five thousand dollars. Hock develops an interest to participate in the contest, but the problem is that he has no dancing skills necessary to win the competition. Hock knows that if he wins the competition he will have more money enough to buy a motorcycle. The inspiration makes Hock enroll for a dancing class in one of the local schools. He is inspired with the works of John Travolta in the film Saturday Night Fever (directed by John Badham in 1977). The scenes in the movie portray how the lifestyle of Hock conforms to his role models (Bruce Lee and John Traolta). The way he leads his life and the kind of activities that he does clearly show a determined personality who wants to achieve his goals. This is depicted in the type of

Compare and contrast two Indian states Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Compare and contrast two Indian states - Essay Example These states are good exporters and active in production of goods and commodities which have significant export value The Indian state of Gujarat speaks Gujarati and Maharashtra has the regional language of Marathi. The capital of Maharashtra is the ultra- modern city Mumbai whereas Gandhinagar, the capital of Gujarat is a mediocre city.Even though Gujarat is an industrialized state in comparison with Maharashtra it is way behind latter.Gujarat is self sufficient in agriculture while Maharashtra is not. However, the capital of Maharashtra is the most modern and sophisticated city of the country. The educational ratio of Maharashtra is higher with 78% than that of Gujarat which is only 70%.The infrastructure of Maharashtra is more sophisticated and developed than that of Gujarat. Moreover, the transportation system of Gujarat is not developed as Mumbai as the latter possess quality railway and roadway

A Critique of Taylor's Concept of Multiculturalism in Relation to Essay

A Critique of Taylor's Concept of Multiculturalism in Relation to Nation Building - Essay Example The society is a framework within which different people interact to create various inclinations and trends which define the culture3. The world is a dynamic place and as changes occur in societies, there are numerous tendencies that makes it impossible for cultures to continue to be transferred from generation to generation. This therefore brings to play the concept of â€Å"cultural survival† which is concerned with the ability of a given culture to stand the test of time that comes with modernisation4. Professor Charles Taylor supports the communitarian school of thought which claims that the idea of individualism evolved as a consequence of some failures in the development of the modern Eurocentric society5. Due to individualism, the risk of cultural survival is now higher than it has ever been in the past. He holds that the replacement of communal structures with individualism is gradually causing the human race to lose important morals and values. As an antidote to this, communitarians believe that the social structures should be rebuilt and this can be done through enhancing different cultures in a given nation. This idea has become popularly known as the recognition of culture. Recognition of culture therefore refers to the respect of people's distinct cultures and allowing different people to practice their different cultures in a given nation. ... Taylor's argument, called the politics of equal respect implies that distinct cultures will have to be respected and allowed to thrive in a nation, even if it comes with wide differences. Theoretically, the recognition of culture means that if people from extremely different ends of the world come together in a given geographical area, they should be allowed to maintain their unique values, irrespective of how different they are. It is therefore obvious that this position of Taylor gives room for a wide diversity of possibilities which cannot go unchecked. In this paper, I examine the key debates of Taylor in relation to the concept of the recognition of differences in cultures. I will critically assess the validity of the communitarian views on the subject by comparing them to counter arguments and criticisms of his ideas. I will utilise various philosophical positions and ideologies of various thinkers and theorists and use them to validate or reject various propositions presented by Taylor and other communitarians. The paper argues that the idea of communitarianism is the best way for the survival of today's society and although there are some inherent challenges in it that threaten to prevent cohesion it is the only viable option in socializing children. The Basis of Taylor's Argument Taylor, in his book Ethics of Authenticity built a strong case against the existing systems and structures in the modern society. He identifies that there are three main 'malaises' or cankers in our modern society that are potentially dangerous to the current society7. The first malaise is the concept of individualism. People tend to have the freedom to decide what is right and choose to do it for themselves. Thus, whatever is convenient to an individual

Review of literature in a nursing research proposal Paper

Review of literature in a nursing proposal - Research Paper Example The most important type of information for a review of a research proposal are usually findings from an empirical investigation. Generally, research findings usually sum up what is known about a particular topic, but the information from such reports is only of great value when these findings are integrated in a critical synthesis. When doing a literature review for your research proposal, one should rely mostly on the primary source of the research findings. This is usually descriptions of studies written by researchers who did the actual research. Secondary sources can also be used where primary sources are not available. They are usually not that credible as they are descriptions of studies done by someone else and not the original researcher. Secondary sources at times fail to provide the much needed details about the studies and they are seldom complete objective (Booth et al, 2003). When choosing a topic for a nursing research proposal, one should consider a topic of interest and also should be related to the field that one is working on. There exist numerous topics in the field of medicine and nursing that might be of interest to someone. For instance, some of the research topics that one may consider for a research may be teaching in the field of medical ethics or Nephrology. As such, one will be required to construct a research topic from these broad areas of study in the nursing field. For instance, you may convert these broad topics into research questions that will also enable you to conduct a research. In the field of Nephrology, you may come up with a research topic such as; Examining the role of a Nephrology nurse in homes and dialysis hospitals while in the field of medical ethics you may come up with such a topic; Relevance of medical ethics in today’s online world among others. Once you have the

A Critique of Taylor's Concept of Multiculturalism in Relation to Essay

A Critique of Taylor's Concept of Multiculturalism in Relation to Nation Building - Essay Example The society is a framework within which different people interact to create various inclinations and trends which define the culture3. The world is a dynamic place and as changes occur in societies, there are numerous tendencies that makes it impossible for cultures to continue to be transferred from generation to generation. This therefore brings to play the concept of â€Å"cultural survival† which is concerned with the ability of a given culture to stand the test of time that comes with modernisation4. Professor Charles Taylor supports the communitarian school of thought which claims that the idea of individualism evolved as a consequence of some failures in the development of the modern Eurocentric society5. Due to individualism, the risk of cultural survival is now higher than it has ever been in the past. He holds that the replacement of communal structures with individualism is gradually causing the human race to lose important morals and values. As an antidote to this, communitarians believe that the social structures should be rebuilt and this can be done through enhancing different cultures in a given nation. This idea has become popularly known as the recognition of culture. Recognition of culture therefore refers to the respect of people's distinct cultures and allowing different people to practice their different cultures in a given nation. ... Taylor's argument, called the politics of equal respect implies that distinct cultures will have to be respected and allowed to thrive in a nation, even if it comes with wide differences. Theoretically, the recognition of culture means that if people from extremely different ends of the world come together in a given geographical area, they should be allowed to maintain their unique values, irrespective of how different they are. It is therefore obvious that this position of Taylor gives room for a wide diversity of possibilities which cannot go unchecked. In this paper, I examine the key debates of Taylor in relation to the concept of the recognition of differences in cultures. I will critically assess the validity of the communitarian views on the subject by comparing them to counter arguments and criticisms of his ideas. I will utilise various philosophical positions and ideologies of various thinkers and theorists and use them to validate or reject various propositions presented by Taylor and other communitarians. The paper argues that the idea of communitarianism is the best way for the survival of today's society and although there are some inherent challenges in it that threaten to prevent cohesion it is the only viable option in socializing children. The Basis of Taylor's Argument Taylor, in his book Ethics of Authenticity built a strong case against the existing systems and structures in the modern society. He identifies that there are three main 'malaises' or cankers in our modern society that are potentially dangerous to the current society7. The first malaise is the concept of individualism. People tend to have the freedom to decide what is right and choose to do it for themselves. Thus, whatever is convenient to an individual

High School Drinking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

High School Drinking - Research Paper Example The problems discussed here range from road accidents, academic problems, substance use, delinquency, employment problems in future, date rape, and family problems. It is evident that consumption of alcohol affects the lives of students in various ways and reduces their academic achievement through various mechanisms. The first issue is the impact of alcohol on brain. The short term bad effects of alcohol range from difficulty walking, blurred vision, slurred speech, slowed reaction times, and impaired memory. For students, the most important point is the impairment in memory caused by alcohol. It is reported in a study (cited in National Institute on Alcohol Abuse And Alcoholism) among 772 college undergraduates that 51% students who drink feel blacking out and being not able to remember the things they did at some point in their lives. In addition to this loss of memory that will have a huge impact on the academic performance, there is the finding that alcohol can damage the brain areas responsible for learning and memory, verbal skills, and visual-spatial cognition.

Disgusting at the same time Essay Example for Free

Disgusting at the same time Essay The author wants the reader to imagine the most horrible things and as everyone has different ideas about our own horror it will make it even more repulsive. By using the word hollowed he burns an image in your mind and makes you visualize the hollow bodies that had been devoured by the vultures. The word Strange by itself in one line sums up your feelings among the following section of the poem, and by being alone in one line it emphasises the word, it gives the word Strange a lot of importance. Achebe shows affection as a pessimistic aspect of life, in the poem it says that love coils up like a snake in a corner, it also says that love is upset, angry or punished. Together with the phrase turned to the wall, the author personifies love. Reaching to a certain point of the poem, the author uses an ellipsis by dividing it into two supposed different stories, however, thats what it seems from the outside, but if you , both stories is related one to another. To link these parts, the author changes line, and uses punctuation ( ), he uses three dots at the end of the first part to show the poem continues, and then starts talking about the commandant Thus the Commandant at Belsen, which appears to be a total different theme. When the poet uses the phrase fumes of human roast it intends to create a disgusting scene, with the word roast he creates a linking image which relates the phrase to the animals, food and cooking (burning). The word i roast` is associated to the word ihuman` which makes you think of people being cooked and burned, and it seems even more revolting as the reader probably visualises itself in the same situation. With this extremely inhuman scene the author originates a cruel image referred to Commandant, he is also shown as a very horrendous man when Achebe talks about the commandants appearance; i hairy nostrils`, the poet wants to incite the reader to hate this character. The Commandants children are represented as his `tender offspringi , this produces a comparison between the commandant and the vulture because normally when referring to society the `offspringi of someone usually are their sons or daughters, the word `offspringi is applied when we talk about animals, so this word in a way shows that the commandant wasnt very loving towards his children. The word tender is used to describe is normally used to describe soft meat. This creates two impressions of the same concept; his offspring is related to good meat, yet its also related to the vultures, which creates a memorable paradoxical image. The author wants the audience to see both facets of this terrible man, by saying the word Daddys, this makes the commandant seem sweet and caring, and uses an enjambment Daddys // return, to make the word i returni stand-out. He also wants to create two different images with the word return, to make the reader think that the children miss their father, and to prove that theres also a bit of grace in such a cruel man. To conclude, in the last paragraph Achebe summarises the poem. He thanks God that even an ogre (which in society is seen as a stereotype of a malicious creature) has a tiny glow-worm of tenderness encapsulated in icy caverns of a cruel heart. This means that all human kind beings with a dark inside will unfailingly have a spark of mercy in him. Achebe finally expresses that human beings arent good or bad, theyre a combination of both, and this is what the whole poem represents. The poem is made out of one stanza, which is divided into four subsections. This an unusual poem because the poet uses free verse, which makes the poem colloquial. It has no rhyme because rhymes make things amusing and musical and wouldnt help the poet describe pessimistic aspects as he does in the majority of the poem. The four fragments link together evil, goodness, vultures and the commandant. Achebe uses commas and enjambment to make it a slow paced poem to read which makes it sorrowed. The whole poem is written in English by a Nigerian author, it is written for European readers. He wants to show that it doesnt matter from where you belong, every war is the same as abominable and everyone has a bit of light and darkness in their hearts.

Evaluation of Frying Oil Quality

Evaluation of Frying Oil Quality CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW Deep Fat Frying Deep-fat frying is basically a process which involves immersing a food item in a large quantity of oil or fat at high temperature, which is normally replenished and reused numerous times before being disposed and it is possibly one of the most dynamic processes in all of food processing (Sumnu Sahin, 2008). Products of deep-fat frying come with desired sensory characteristics such as fried food flavour, golden brown colour, and a crisp texture (Warner, Gupta, White, others, 2004). A crisp outer texture is an ultimate characteristic of most fried foods which is developed through rapid surface dehydration during frying and can be controlled by changing a few variables, including product preparation, breading or batter formulation, frying procedures, and post-frying conditions (Banks, 1996). Deep-fat frying uses a large volume of liquid such as oil, fat, and paraffin which has high boiling point and buoyancy forces are particularly efficient to homogenize the temperature along the vertical direction because oil and fat are highly thermo-expandable fluids (Achir, Vitrac, Trystram, 2008). Oil often makes up significant portion of the final food product, as much as 45% of the total product although frying oils serves primarily as a heat exchange medium (Erickson Perkins, 1996). According to Rossell (2001), frying is suitable in cooking all types of foods such as meat, fish as well as vegetables especially potatoes which are probably the food most associated with frying, as potatoes are used to produce both French fries and crisps. Fried food undergoes two correlated mass transfers which are water loss and oil uptake during frying (Bassama, Achir, Trystram, Collignan, Bohuon, 2015). Therefore, the nutritional value of the final product is significantly affected by the nature of the frying oils as they are indeed differ markedly in terms of their fatty acid and fat-soluble micronutrient composition (Chiou, Kalogeropoulos, Boskou, Salta, 2012). Oil is usually heated at high temperatures at 160-200 °C in the presence of air, and water vapour is released from the fried food during the discontinuous frying process resulting in undesirable changes that may occur concurrently with desirable modifications, one such change being the loss of nutrients, and especially vitamins (Juà ¡rez, Osawa, Acuà ±a, Sammà ¡n, Gonà §alves, 2011). Due to thermal decomposition, chemical reactions like oxidation and hydrolysis occur, thus causing changes of the functional, sensory and nutritional quality of the fat and may eventu ally reach a point where it is impossible to prepare high quality fried products and the frying oil will have to be discarded (Stevenson, Vaisey-Genser, Eskin, 1984). A few factors that affect rate of the oil decomposition are composition of the oil, the temperature and the length of frying, continuous or intermittent frying, type of fried food, and fresh oil replenishment (Fan, Sharifudin, Hasmadi, Chew, 2013). In addition, according to Abdulkarim et al (2007), oils with high amount of oleic acid which is rich in monounsaturated fatty acid are more stable and slower to develop oxidative rancidity during shelf life. Quality of Frying Oil The quality of food may be defined as the composite of those characteristics that differentiate individual units of product’s acceptability (Lawson, 1985). The initial quality of oil as well as its durability during frying is influenced by all steps included in processing of the oil and can have a significant impact on the quality of fried food prepared with it (Orthoefer Cooper, 1996). Assessing frying oil quality is very important because a certain amount of oil is absorbed by food during frying and becomes part of the food (Rossell, 2001b). When compared with fresh oil, the degraded oil has an altered nutritional and toxicological profile (Perkins Kummerow, 1959). Therefore, determination of its quality is critical for reaching the desired shelf-life for the product, and reduces the potential for creating health hazard (Gupta, 2005). Oil is used repeatedly at high temperatures, and various chemical processes such as hydrolysis, polymerization, oxidation and fission take place resulting in the accumulation of products of decomposition that not only affect the quality of fried foods but also to human health, especially when frying fat or oil is highly abused (Frankel, Smith, Hamblin, Creveling, Clifford, 1984; Fritsch, 1981). According to Stevenson et al (1984), the rate of formation of decomposition products vary with the food being fried, the oil being used, the choice of the fryer design and the nature of the operating conditions. For example, frying foods that contain high levels of egg solids can contribute to early foaming due to leaching of lecithin into the frying oil and fats from meat or chicken can diffuse into the oil during the frying process, thus contaminate the frying oils (Landers Rathmann, 1981; Weiss, 1983). Stevenson et al (1984) said that operator should ensure that the food being cooked are uniform in term of size and free from excess surface water, crumbs or breading material to reduce fat breakdown caused by the food during frying. Cleanliness of the fryer is one of the factors to be considered in controlling fat breakdown as polymerized fat deposited on the fryer tends to catalyse the formation of more gum which contributes to foaming, color darkening and further deterioration of the frying fat. In addition, ensuring that all traces of detergents are removed during rinsing is very important since this substance can catalyze fat breakdown when frying is resumed (Jacobson, 1967; Weiss, 1983). Oil quality can be maintained by turnover rate which is described as the ratio of the total amount of fat in the fryer to the rate at which fresh fat is added to the kettle and daily turnover at 15-25% of the fryer capacity is recommended (CJ, 1967). Condition of the frying fat gets better when the rate of turnover is higher as appropriate turnover rate will replace lost of silicones due to adherence to the fried items and will keep the level of FFA small. Furthermore, quality of the oil at point of purchase contributes significantly to quality of used frying oil as illustrated in Table 1. Table 1 Quality limits for frying oil Adapted from Rossell (2001). Changes occurring during deep-fat frying There are three main factors that are important in frying operation which are the food to be fried, the oil used, and the characteristics of the process especially temperature and frying time (Blumenthal, 1991). Chemical reaction like oxidation and hydrolysis will affect the functional, sensory and nutritional quality of the oil which may eventually reach a point where the oil needs to be discarded. Physical changes in oil that occur during heating and frying include increased viscosity, color, and foaming, decreased smoke point, development of off odors such as acrid and burnt, and development of off flavors in the fried food (Warner, 2002). Physical and chemical reactions that occur during frying are represented in Figure 1. Figure 1: Changes occurring during deep fat frying (Adapted from Fritsch 1981) Products of decomposition formed during frying can be divided into two classes which are volatile and non-volatile products. Volatile decomposition products include aldehydes, ketones, alcohol acids, esters, hydrocarbon, lactones and aromatic compounds are removed from frying medium by steam generated during frying (Stevenson et al., 1984). On the other hand, the non-volatile decomposition products eventually produce physical changes in frying oil such as increase in color, foaming, and viscosity (Perkins, 1967). Their formation is due largely to thermal oxidation and polymerization of the unsaturated fatty acids in the frying medium. When oil is heated in air, it first shows a gain in weight as oxygen is absorbed, and its peroxide value may increase and when heating continues, the peroxides will decompose, and scission products start to distil off, leading to a net loss in weight (Perkins, 1967; White, 1991). Hydroperoxides may undergo further degradation of three major types: (a) f ission to form alcohols, aldehydes, acids and hydrocarbons, thereby also contributing to the darkening of the frying oils and flavors; (b) dehydration to form ketones; and (c) free-radical formation of dimers and trimers, leading to polymers, all of which contribute to viscosity increase (Lalas, 2008). According to Artman (1969), conjugation of the double bonds and the accumulation of oxygenated products increases the ultraviolet absorption of the oil and iodine value of the oil may decrease later during frying due to the double bonds are consumed in various reactions. Hydrolysis is caused by moisture in fried foods resulting in the formation of free fatty acids (FFA), monoglycerides, diglycerides, and glycerols. FFAs may also be formed during oxidation due to cleavage and oxidation of double bonds (Perkins, 1967).

Effects of Betrayal in Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God :: Their Eyes Were Watching God Essays

Effects of Betrayal in Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God The first time one experiences betrayal from a close friend is the hardest situation to go through. Betrayal is clearly defined as to break the faith of an enemy, or to disclose a violation of confidence; but more specifically, and with less clarity in real life situations, betrayal is a complex action that occurs to everyone at some point in life. For a person that has been betrayed before, the simple definition does not do justice to the effects betrayal has on their life or how one can be betrayed. Apparent examples can be seen in Their Eyes Were Watching God, for the main character is clearly betrayed many times in her life. The end product could potentially be worse than the act of betrayal. The person could feel that they cannot trust the person that deceived then, or might feel like they are unable to trust anyone else. They could have mixed feelings about keeping a friendship or being around that person on a daily basis. If it were something that had major consequences or really hurt that person, one would feel anger towards that said person, especially if it were embarrassing in front of a large amount of people or was suppressing one for a long time. People can be betrayed in a variety of ways for different reasons, by anyone in their lives. A close family member or a best friend could betray one. They may go behind one’s back in order for more personal gain, but sometimes they commit betrayal in the interest of one’s benefit. A not so close friend could betray one’s trust by telling a secret or situation that was told or seen in confidence that was broken for a juicy story or just slipped unnoticed. Some people betray their friends or enemies in order to make them look bad; such as spreading a rumor about said person. More than once was Janie betrayed; the main character from Their Eyes Were Watching God tells her life story to her friend and explains the things that were not so good in her life. Many people through the course of her life betray her, most recognizably she is constantly the talk of her town, and some townspeople that are jealous are the mouth of that gossip. They talk about her behind her back to make themselves more assured that she is not better than them.

What Is Orientalism? Essay -- Definition Oriental Orientalism Essays

What Is Orientalism? Said made a clear analogy between orientalism and colonialism. They are both set with the same binary opposition. white/ non white occidental/ non occidental In a very detailed and structured study of the orient (behavior, habit, tradition ...) we document a large amount of fact and data. All compile in a general study they produce the illusion of a well understood and objectively constructed knowledge. These are, in fact, mere observations and purely subjective entities (seen only with the western eyes) which do not explain nor reflect the true nature of the object. We then generalize from theses singles observations, set up categories and labels. We are now able to answer questions very simply creating this illusion of knowledge. We witness the realization of cliches; single sided beliefs that fuels themselves upon their own ignorance. SAID then explains how this technique empowers his creator. The rigorous discourse, the elaboration of thought and ideas, subjectively authenticated itself. The content is no longer address and leaves the victim of the discourse reduced to plain and pure denial. The content has become a set of prejudicial belief (cliches). To remind you of the famous aphorism: "the pen is mightier than the sword" He writes: "Orientalism is fundamentally a political doctrine willed over the orient because the orient was weaker than the west." Though injustice has already been served and the...

Philosophy Paper on Gods Existence

Tiera Suggs R. McCashland Philosophy 101 Final Paper Final Philosophy Paper I will oppose Bertrand Russell’s view that believing in God is trivial and that of humans poor imagination. I will use Tim Holt’s â€Å"Philosophy of Religion† to show how believing in God is more logical than not. Russell uses a few arguments to try an disprove the existence of God in â€Å"Why I am not a Christian. † I will address the â€Å"First Cause Argument,† the â€Å"Design Theory Argument,† and the â€Å"Morality Argument. † I will touch briefly on what Russell believes and then use common and widely accepted theories to refute Russell. Russell uses many reasons to support his disbelief of God and refutes many known theories explaining God but I will focus on his main points. First of which being, â€Å"The First-Cause Argument,† which basically means everything we know has a cause and no matter how far back existence is traced, there is chain events of causes leading back to one cause. Russell rebuked this argument by quoting an autobiography by John Stuart Mills,†My father taught me that the question ‘Who made me? ‘ cannot be answered, since it immediately suggests the further question `Who made god? That sentence for Russell confirms that God mustn’t exist, he also says our poor imagination created the idea of God (Russell Why I am not a Christian). Russell fails to logically disprove Gods existence because he did not adequately cast doubt upon the many other arguments that have a clearer, more philosophical standpoint. The Cosmological Argument simply states: (1) Everything that e xists has a cause of its existence.? (2) The universe exists.? Therefore:? (3) The universe has a cause of its existence.? (4) If the universe has a cause of its existence, then that cause is God.? Therefore:? (5) God exists. It does not seem logical or ideal to use an authors autobiography to try and disprove a widely accepted theory. Any person can take a set of ideas and say, â€Å"this is wrong because†¦ † but one must justify ones point. Russell’s argument carries no weight because it is not adequately philosophical. Even if you try and refute the Cosmological Argument on the grounds of saying, if everything has a cause then shouldn’t God? The Kalam Cosmological Argument takes it a step further by saying there is a difference between God and the universe, the universe has a beginning in time subjecting it to be caused/created. Since God has no beginning in time, then he is not subject to be caused/created (Holt Philosophy of Religion). The Cosmological Argument used along with the Kalam Cosmological Argument make Russell’s standpoint weaken and seem arbitrary. The next point Russell attacks in â€Å"Why I am not a Christian† is the Design Theory, which states: â€Å"Everything in the world is made just so that we can manage to live in the world, and if the world was ever so little different, we could not manage to live in it. † Russell denies that belief by saying, â€Å"†¦ ince the time of Darwin we understand much better why living creatures are adapted to their environment. It is not that their environment was made to be suitable to them but that they grew to be suitable to it, and that is the basis of adaptation. There is no evidence of design about it. † What makes his standpoint questionable is the fact that he is trying to simplify the complexity of the nature of hum ans and leaves it to coincidence.. Yes we adapt to our surroundings but how? By chance? That is too unbelievable, organs as complicated as the heart or lungs function sequentially because of chance? That notion is not logical. In â€Å"Philosophy of Religion†, The Teleological Argument however is, stating that the world was created and exists with a purpose in mind. The universe is a ordered system and nothing is left to chance. The Teleological Argument is more believable than Russell’s ‘just because’ so called reasonings. Russell’s next argument is that of morality. He believes God is not the reason for right and wrong, because if you believe in God, you believe he is all good. So how can something all good create wrong? But one can refute Russell’s statement by simply saying, morality is a set of commands so there ust be a commander (Holt Philosophy of religion). The Formal Moral Argument states: (1) Morality consists of a set of commands.? (2) For every command there is a commander.? Therefore:? (3) There is a commander that commanded morality.? (4) Commands only carry as much authority as does their commander.? (5) Morality carries u ltimate authority.? Therefore:? (6) The commander that commanded morality carries ultimate authority.? (7) Only God carries ultimate authority.? Therefore:? (8) The commander that commanded morality is God.? Therefore:? (9) God exists. The Formal Moral Argument seems more plausible than Russell’s theory. It follows a clear system and answers questions of morality, while Russell just bears the conclusion of God is good so there cannot be bad. Again, Russell’s theories are illogical and incomplete compared to ones he is trying to disprove. Russell fails to clarify his statement, his argument is not convincing and is a premature conclusion about God that he cannot even validate. Russell obviously holds some strong convictions against Christianity and God in general. But his reasoning and conclusions are not philosophical, therefore rendering them illogical and mundane. Russell’s argument is not as valid as he thinks. One needs reasons in proving or disproving something, not just banters and foolish inquires. Russell is foolish in saying God was created by humans with a poor overactive imagination, he is filled with more imagination to believe the universe and everything in it was just a random coincidence. Russell’s attempts are weak and vague, not enough to disprove complete logical statements. Works Cited Holt, Tim. â€Å"Philosophy of Religion. † 2008. 23, Nov. 2009. . Russell, Bertrand. â€Å"Why I am not a Christian. † edited by John R. Lenz for the Bertrand Russell Society. 1996. 23, Nov. 2009.

Becoming a Business Accountant Essay

Business Accountant help to ensure that the country’s firms are run efficiently, its taxes are paid on time and its public records stay accurate. Accountants offer a wide variety of business and accounting services. Some of these services are: public, management and government accounting. Their main tasks are preparing, analyzing, and verifying financial documents in order to provide information to clients. Many accountants are required to have a lot of skill and knowledge. Most accountant work in an office, however those that are self-employed may be able to do part of their work at home. Accountants who are employed by public accounting firms and government agencies sometime have to travel often to perform audit at branches of their firm, clients’ places of business, or government facilities. Usually accountants work about a 40-hour week, but most work longer especially if they are self-employed and have many clients. Most accountant position requires at least a bachelor’s degree in accounting or a related field. Beginning accounting positions in the Federal Government requires 4 years of college including 24 semester hour in accounting or an equal amount of education and experience. Also practical knowledge of computers and their applications in accounting is a good thing to have for job seekers in accounting field. People who want a career in accounting should have a skill in mathematics and be able to analyze, compare, and interpret facts and figures quickly. They must be able to communicate the results of their work to clients.

The Color of Paradise and Other Movies Movie Review

The Color of Paradise and Other Movies - Movie Review Example The film â€Å"Paradise Now » develops into a thriller when something goes wrong during the early stages of the plan’s execution. Said and Khaled become separated and Jamal is convinced that Said may be betraying the cause. This movie is a tough film because of what it attempts to do, which is in regards to the fact that it is a rare thing for a movie to present events of the Arab/Israeli struggle from the Palestinian side, where terrorists are viewed as ‘martyrs’ and ‘freedom fighters’ instead of killers. This movie is certainly one of speculation and possible great controversy, and yet regardless is brave for dealing with such sensitive and so-called ‘faux-pas’ issues. Trois Couleurs: Bleu is a movie of great interest. The director and writer, Krzysztof Kieslowski, tells the story in this film from the perspective of Julie (Juliette Binoche), which necessarily makes the film very dark and introspective. Overall, in the end, the story of this film isn’t a terribly ambitious one, but at the same time it remains devilishly interesting and enjoyable and maintains a slow burn throughout which leads to an explosive finale. This movie is one of a complex psychological study of emotional liberty. The plot is that Julie, wife of the famous composer Patrice de Courcy, must cope with the death of her husband and daughter in an automobile accident which only she herself survives. While recovering in the hospital, Julie even attempts suicide in her distraught stage. For the remainder of the film, she devotes herself to mental suicide, disassociating herself from all of her past memories and distancing herself from former friendships. Visually, the director uses many techniques in order to properly portray the sense of loss and Julie’s internal conflict – both of which are primary topics of the issue in this film. As Julie watches the funeral for her husband and daughter from her hospital bed, the dark shadow of her finger caresses the tiny casket on the screen. This movie is one of a certain emotion, and a number of critics rate this film as one of the great motion pictures of all time.

The American Court System Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The American Court System - Article Example The article begins by defining arbitration and mediation and explaining the basis of the two alternative dispute resolution methods. The article then discusses global application of arbitration before exploring past application of arbitration and mediation as dispute resolution approaches in the United States. Further discussion of the article covers some of the United States’ economic sectors that have in the past used mediation and arbitration. History of government involvement in promoting the alternative dispute resolution approaches are then discussed with highlights of some of the legislations that have been enacted to facilitate the approach to litigation (Gama, 2009). The article, based on its title, is expected to discuss chronological developments in alternative dispute resolution. The article could similarly be expected to explain some of the significant changes in dispute resolution that have facilitated its development. At the same time, a reader could expect discussion of the historical interaction between alternative dispute resolution and the judicial system with the aim of highlighting conflicting or complementary aspects of the two systems of dispute resolution. A large percentage of the article is therefore not related to the title. While the author should have started by introducing alternative dispute resolution in relation to the judicial system and then proceeded with a timeline history of developments in the dispute resolution and relative deviations from the judicial framework, the article explores the scope and application of alternative dispute resolution. Even though the author proceeded to discuss past legislations that have affected mediation and arbitration, readers would have expected a more explorative approach to the history. The article should have for instance discussed circumstances that led to the development of the

Development of a marketing plan in relation to a product, my choice of Essay

Development of a marketing plan in relation to a product, my choice of comany is Nissan the Automobile company - Essay Example Basically, information presented on this report are useful in terms of enabling the company sell this product based on its target consumers’ specific needs and wants. Table of Contents Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2 Table of Contents †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 1.0 Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 2.0 Main Purpose and Marketing Research Objectives †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 3.0 External Marketing Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 3.1 Environmental Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 3.1.1 Political Factors †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 3.1.2 Economic Factors †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.. 5 3.1.3 Social or Socio-demographic Factors †¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 5 3.1.4 Technological Factors ..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 3.2 Competition Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 3.3 Target Customer Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 4.0 SWOT Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. ... 8 5.0 Marketing Programme †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 5.1 Product †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 5.2 Branding †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 5.3 Promotion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 5.4 Pricing †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 5.5 Distribution †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10 6.0 Implementation Schedule †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 10 7.0 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 Appendix I – PEST Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 12 Appendix II – SWOT Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 13 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦ 14 – 17 Bibliography †¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 18 – 21 1.0 Introduction In preparation for the upcoming 2013, Nissan Z-sports car made a dramatic come back to the market with its 370Z (Star Motoring 2012). To enable the company increase its ability to sell this particular sports car model, a marketing plan will be presented on behalf of the company. 2.0 Main Purpose and Marketing Research Objectives The main purpose of this marketing research plan is to enable the company increase its total net revenue by up to 10% over the next 6 months after 370Z is sold in the market. The main marketing research objective is to apply different marketing theories in the case of Nissan. In response to the main purpose of this study, the following research

A Comparison of Business Systems Between Japan and China Essay

A Comparison of Business Systems Between Japan and China - Essay Example Being a collectivist culture means that managers and employees in Japan tend to work cooperatively, with very minimal power distance tolerated. A recent empirical study of the Japanese business environment indicated that participative leadership is the most accepted form of management whereby decision-making generally occurs from the bottom-up rather than utilising strict hierarchies of executive control.4 It is through consultation between different ranking employees and managers that a negotiation-based management style thrives and prospers. It is a more balanced system within the business dynamic whereby the attitudes and opinions of workers are highly respected and considered when making important corporate decisions. China, on the other hand, maintains very high levels of power distance between different ranking members of the organisation. Geert Hofstede recognises that Chinese culture scores very highly on power distance scales, meaning that there is a culturally-driven tolera nce for power disparities that makes most business systems vertical rather than horizontal when it comes to decision-making. This is a stark contrast between the Japanese business environment. Unequal power means that employees in the organisational hierarchy are not consulted for their opinions and problem-solving ability, whereby employees are routinely sanctioned and the general belief is that employees should not maintain aspirations for improving their rank and status within the organisational dynamic.5 These disparate relationships between managers and employees are highly polarized, meaning significant division, and there are generally no defences... This paper illustrated that there are many differences and similarities between Chinese and Japanese business systems and internal corporate ideologies. It cannot be said, concretely, that one business system is superior to another, only that both countries operate and manage their business structures with varying philosophies and approaches to securing the future and performance of their respective organisations. Much contemporary literature on how to successfully manage businesses, today, shows that adaptability and flexibility are necessary to find competitive success. Under this premise, it would seem that China maintains the most probability for ensuring long-term business performance than that of Japan. Even though Japan has many strengths, such as high determination in a corporate context, Chinese business systems will be most likely to endure long-term if these systems continue to utilise their current, existing business ideology. This report makes a conclusion that Japanese workers tend to view the future as being opportunistic whereby high performance and profitability results from a business perspective can be attained through dedication and hard work. Chinese employees and managers, in opposite accord, seek to find personal fulfilment whenever possible as a primary lifestyle and cultural goal in the pursuit of finding social acceptance with like-status peers. Therefore, there is evidence that some dimensions of long-term-focused thinking will be abandoned in Chinese culture based on hedonistic consumerism that is becoming commonplace in the nation.